Bronze coin from Pantikapaion in the Cimmerian Bosporus, struck circa 325–310 BC, belonging to issues of one of the most important trading centers on the Black Sea. The coinage of Pantikapaion is notable for its rich and original iconography, combining mythological motifs with elements of local identity.
The obverse features a right-facing head of Pan. Pan, as the god of nature, wilderness, and fertility, was one of the most important deities in the region, and his image is among the most distinctive motifs of Pantikapaion coinage.
The reverse depicts a griffin protome facing left, with a sturgeon below and the letters Π-Α-Ν in the fields. The griffin, a creature combining lion and eagle features, symbolizes strength, vigilance, and protection, often associated with guarding wealth. The sturgeon refers directly to the local environment and the importance of fishing to the regional economy.
Greece
Cimmerian Bosporos, Pantikapaion, 325-310 BC
Obverse: head of Pan rightt
Reverse: forepart of griffin to left, sturgeon swimming left below, Π-A-N letters around
Diameter 21 mm, weight 6.7 g
